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In the O.T., except in Ex. 21: 30, the word is kopher, lit. 'a covering,' a cognate word to kaphar, often translated 'atonement.' None "can by any means redeem his brother, nor give to God a ransom for him."
Ps. 49: 7. But God could say, "Deliver him from going down to the pit: I have found a ransom." Job 33: 24. The word occurs also in Ex. 30: 12; Job 36: 18; Prov. 6: 35; Prov. 13: 8; Prov. 21: 18; Isa. 43: 3.
In the N.T. it is λύτρον, o r ἀντίλυτρον, from 'to loose, set free.' Christ gave Himself, His life, a ransom for many: the precious blood of Christ witnesses that every claim of God against the believer has been answered. Matt. 20: 28; Mark 10: 45; 1 Tim. 2: 6.