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βῆμα. A place attached to the judgement-hall, where judgement was pronounced, speeches delivered, etc. It was on the βῆμα that Herod sat, when he made his oration. Matt. 27: 19; John 19: 13; Acts 12:
21; Acts 18: 12-17; Acts 25: 6-17. The floor of this place was doubtless of tesselated stones, which accounts for its being called the PAVEMENT in John 19: 13. In the Hebrew it was called GABBATHA, which signifies elevated or raised platform. In James 2: 6 the word is κριτήριον. (For the judgement-seat of Christ, see JUDGEMENT, No. 3.)